The Xoloitzcuintli Is a 3000 Year Old Hairless Dog Breed

The Xoloitzcuintli is one of the oldest and most unusual dog breeds in the world, with a history stretching back more than 3000 years to ancient Aztec times. Known as the dog of the gods, the Xolo was considered sacred by ancient Mesoamerican civilizations including the Aztecs, Maya, and Toltecs. They believed the dogs had healing powers and could guide the souls of the dead through the underworld. The breed comes in three sizes and can be either hairless or coated, with the hairless variety being most famous. Their hairlessness is caused by a genetic mutation and comes with the added benefit of being hypoallergenic. Xolos were nearly extinct by the mid-20th century but dedicated breeders have brought them back, and they are now recognized as a national treasure in Mexico.